Evaluation of the Voltage Stability Margin Using Capacitor Bank

Studies of the phenomenon of voltage instability have been a reality for several years due to the high complexity of the operation of electrical power systems. Maintaining an acceptable voltage profile is increasingly necessary and challenging, and it is crucial to ensure voltage stability during the operation of electrical systems. Any loss of stability can have serious consequences for the system, resulting in failure to meet the load and economic losses. This article proposes to study the voltage stability margin (VSM) in the 107 -bus test system through Continuous Power Flow simulations to determine the VSM, applying single and double contingencies, with the intention of keeping the system in a safe state. For cases of critical contingencies, a method is developed to represent the automatic switching of capacitor banks and reactor banks, which acts as a preventive measure and takes the system to a safe operating state. The results achieved show the effectiveness of the method in guaranteeing an acceptable VSM value even in the occurrence of double contingencies in the system.