KUŞAKLARARASI SOSYAL HAREKETLİLİK: TEMEL KAVRAMLAR, ÖLÇME YÖNTEMLERİ VE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI SOSYAL HAREKETLİLİK ARAŞTIRMALARI

In this study, the basic concepts and terms used in intergenerational social mobility research were discussed and the measurement methods of mobility tables were explained. In the second part, structural and circulation mobility and inflow-outflow tables were defined and in the third part, how the calculations were made in the example of a social mobility study carried out in the UK was explained. In the third and fourth sections, the main results of the mobility studies conducted in the UK, the USA and Türkiye were briefly summarized and future prospects were discussed. In the fifth section, the main findings of two large-scale international comparative mobility studies were outlined and the predictions of various social mobility theories were discussed. Patterns of intergenerational social mobility in the UK, the US and Turkey were similar. In all three countries, the dominant character of intergenerational social mobility was upward short-distance mobility. However, it is argued that starting in the 1980s in the UK and the US, the pace of social mobility began to slow down and downward mobility increased due to reasons such as the shrinkage of middle-level jobs, increasing income inequality and the growth of low-wage jobs. In Turkey, it is argued that the widespread expansion of educational level and the decrease in the return on investment in education make social mobility difficult. Finally, the results of international comparative social mobility research have varied according to the conditions of the period. The findings do not support the regularities assumed by various social mobility theories. The long-term trend has been a trendless fluctuation in structural mobility in industrialized countries and a convergence in some periods, and relative stability in circulation mobility.