Cybersecurity in IoT-Based Smart Grids: A Comprehensive Survey

This comprehensive survey explores the critical role of cybersecurity in IoT-based smart grids, which integrate advanced technologies for enhanced energy management and efficiency. As these systems become increasingly interconnected, they are exposed to various cybersecurity threats, including malware, denial of service attacks, and data breaches. This paper examines the existing frameworks and standards for cybersecurity in smart grids, highlighting their strengths and limitations. We also discuss emerging technologies such as blockchain, machine learning, and secure communication protocols that offer innovative solutions for safeguarding these infrastructures. Through a systematic literature review and case study analysis, this survey identifies key challenges and future research directions, emphasizing the necessity of robust cybersecurity measures to ensure the reliability and security of smart grid systems.