Joint effects of risk factors of adverse events associated with blood donations in western region of Cameroon

Objective: To determine the risk factors of adverse events associated with blood donation in western region of Cameroon Design: Cross sectional study Setting: This study was carried out at the blood donors service, Regional Hospital West, West Region of Cameroon, from January 2020 to December 2021. Participants: 252 cases of Donors were of body weight, ≧ 50kg and a hemoglobin (Hb) level of ≧13.0g/dL for males and a body weight of ≧45kg and an Hb level of ≧12.0g/dL for females. Hb screening was based on copper sulfate density. SBP was defined as 90 to160 mmHg and DBP as 50 to 95 mmHg. Pulse rate was between 60 and100 beats per minute. Methods: The variables, age, BMI, pre-donation SBP, pre-donation DBP, and EBV were dichotomized by their median values. All statistical analyses in this study were performed using GraphPad Prism software version 8.0.2. Interventions: No intervention was done during the period of study Outcome measures: Donor records were obtained from participant questionnaire sheet. They included collection donation volume, and number of donations. BMI was calculated. Results: A total of 252 whole blood donors accepted to participate in this study. The mean age (±SD) of the study population was 29.82 ± 8, 56 years, and the ages ranged from 18 to 61 years. A significant difference with donation site [OR= 0.3796, 95% CI =0.1852 – 0.7994, p= 0.013] with patients donating at fixe site been more represented as presented. The distribution of characteristic according to donation site shows significant difference with pre-donation SBP [OR= 0.4373, 95% CI =0.2073 – 0.9419, p= 0.0411;], Pre-donation DBP [OR= 0.4094, 95% CI =0.1779 – 0.9337, p= 0.027;], as well as the site of collection [OR= Infinity, 95% CI= 1435 – Infinity, p<0.0001]. Multivariate analysis revealed pre-pulse groups<100 [(OR= 151.360, 95% CI= 1.550 – 14778.786, p= 0.032)] and mild adverse events [(OR= 3276.663, 95% CI= 193.264 – 55519.818, p= 0.0000)]. Conclusion: Although, no deaths occurred among donors with adverse events, adverse events affect the safety of blood donors and decrease donors’ willingness to donate again. Thus, understanding risk factors of adverse events is important.