Design and Development of IoT-Based Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection System

The high demand for automobiles has also increased traffic dangers and road accidents, putting people's lives at high risk. The period between the occurrence of the accident and the arrival of emergency services to the scene is a significant antecedent of survival rates. Thus, delay in reaching the ambulance service, delay in the arrival of the ambulance and arrival at a hospital increases the victim's risk of death. With the emergence of Internet of things, it is highly desirable to have a smart monitoring and reliable system in vehicles to effectively relay information when accidents occur. This paper presents a real-time Google map and IoT-based accident tracking system, with the primary objective of assisting emergency personnel to locate the position of vehicle accidents and provide them details of the user involved in the accident for immediate assistance. The system is implemented with an accelerometer sensor, Wi-Fi module, Global Positioning System (GPS), Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), and a mobile app for easy access and control. A microcontroller is used to control onboard sensors and continuously monitor the system. When an accident occurs, the microcontroller receives a signal from the accelerometer sensor and sends an alert message with the location and user information to a rescue team via a mobile app alert. The GSM module transmits the location of the accident and the mobile app uses Google Maps to show the location of the accident in real-time. The full functionality of the system was tested and the module successfully transmitted accident details via SMS message and the Wi-Fi module to the mobile app in less than 11 seconds after the occurrence of the accident.