Differences in Combustible Cigarette Smoking-Related Biomarkers by Hormonal Contraceptive Use: An Exploratory Study
Smoking-related biomarkers were comparable between those who used progestin-only hormonal contraceptives to those who did not use any hormonal contraceptive. In contrast, TNE varied in those who used hormonal contraceptives with ethinyl estradiol. Additional research is needed to replicate these observations.
Authors
- Xianghua Luo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7501-6582)
- Qing Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-8797)
- Eric C. Donny (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3288-9652)
- Raina D. Pang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-1655)
- Dorothy K. Hatsukami (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-2609)
- Alicia M. Allen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-4949)
- Sharon Allen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2797-8001)
- Neal L. Benowitz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-8124)
- Tracy Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3109-9106)
- J. Vernon Jensen
- Lori G Stayer
Institutions
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Minnesota Medical Center (US)
- Wake Forest University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nicotine & Tobacco Research
- Published
- 2025-01-28
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf027
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.88