Optimization of Multi-Microgrid Energy Trading in Distribution Networks Using a Master-Slave Game Approach

Due to increasing power supply demands and frequent fluctuations in electricity prices, microgrids face challenges in planning their coordination and optimizing their operations within distribution networks (DNs), which can result in inefficiencies and financial losses. To address the energy trading challenges in the power market of a multi-microgrid system within the DNs, this paper proposes an optimization method for multi-microgrid energy trading based on a master-slave game approach. Initially, the energy storage output and transaction status of each microgrid are determined using a single microgrid optimization strategy. Then, these optimized results are exchanged with the Distribution System Operator (DSO), and a master-slave game model is developed, employing internal electricity prices and dispatchable energy as strategies. The main objective of this proposed approach is to minimize microgrid operational costs, enhance the DSO’s operational efficiency, and reduce the impact of multiple microgrids on the regional power grid. MATLAB simulation shows that the microgrid has a total increase of 57.6 RMB compared with the single operation under the proposed game strategy, and DSO has an additional income of 242.4 RMB under this mechanism, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.