Piezoelectric properties and electromechanical coupling factors of a novel 1–1–3 composite with two lead-free ferroelectric components

Abstract A lead-free 1–1–3 composite is put forward for the first time wherein two ferroelectric components (single crystal and ceramic parallel rods) are distributed regularly in a polymer medium. Effective piezoelectric coefficients <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>h</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and electromechanical coupling factors <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ( j = 1 and 3), <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> are studied on changing volume fractions of the lead-free ferroelectric components in the 1–1–3 composite based on [0 0 1]-poled domain-engineered single crystal. Links between the piezoelectric coefficients and electromechanical coupling factors of the composite are studied in a wide range of volume fractions m of single crystal at volume fractions of ceramic m c = 0.03–0.10. New m − m c diagrams show regions of large electromechanical coupling factors <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ≈ 0.7–0.9 (longitudinal mode) and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ≈ 0.7–0.9 (thickness mode), as well as regions where conditions for a large anisotropy | <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> / <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>31</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> | ⩾ 5 and | <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> / <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> | ⩾ 5 hold. The parameters of the novel 1–1–3 composite are compared to those of the related 1–3-type composites subjected to different averaging procedures and a modification of the ceramic/polymer matrix. The large <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow=

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Publication Details

Journal
Smart Materials and Structures
Published
2025-01-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/adaff1
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Dielectric materials and actuators
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.67

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article

Piezoelectric properties and electromechanical coupling factors of a novel 1–1–3 composite with two lead-free ferroelectric components

V. Yu. Topolov
1 citations
Smart Materials and Structures
Dielectric materials and actuators
0.67
article

Piezoelectric properties and electromechanical coupling factors of a novel 1–1–3 composite with two lead-free ferroelectric components

V. Yu. Topolov
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Abstract A lead-free 1–1–3 composite is put forward for the first time wherein two ferroelectric components (single crystal and ceramic parallel rods) are distributed regularly in a polymer medium. Effective piezoelectric coefficients <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>h</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and electromechanical coupling factors <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ( j = 1 and 3), <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> are studied on changing volume fractions of the lead-free ferroelectric components in the 1–1–3 composite based on [0 0 1]-poled domain-engineered single crystal. Links between the piezoelectric coefficients and electromechanical coupling factors of the composite are studied in a wide range of volume fractions m of single crystal at volume fractions of ceramic m c = 0.03–0.10. New m − m c diagrams show regions of large electromechanical coupling factors <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ≈ 0.7–0.9 (longitudinal mode) and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ≈ 0.7–0.9 (thickness mode), as well as regions where conditions for a large anisotropy | <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> / <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>31</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> | ⩾ 5 and | <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> / <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> | ⩾ 5 hold. The parameters of the novel 1–1–3 composite are compared to those of the related 1–3-type composites subjected to different averaging procedures and a modification of the ceramic/polymer matrix. The large <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow=

Smart Materials and StructuresVol. 34(3)
Southern Federal University
Openalex Percentile: Top 35%
Dielectric materials and actuators
0.67
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