Exploring the knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of reproductive-age women towards oocyte cryopreservation cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

Background: Egg freezing, or oocyte cryopreservation, is a reproductive technology that allows women to preserve eggs for future childbearing via in vitro fertilization (IVF). It is beneficial for those delaying pregnancy due to medical or non-medical reasons, though success rates vary with age and cultural factors. However, the procedure carries risks like ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and raises ethical concerns, particularly in Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia, where religious views may limit its use. This study explores knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of oocyte cryopreservation among reproductive-age women in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted with 105 Saudi women aged 18-39 in the Eastern province. Data was collected via an online survey. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula with a 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. Results: A total of 129 women participated. Most, (75.2%) believed doctors should inform women about egg freezing as part of health education, (71.3%) felt healthcare should cover the costs for women with cancer, and (46.6%) were aware of IVF. However, only 30.2% understood egg freezing well, and (24%) believe cryopreserved eggs are safe and successful for pregnancy at older ages. Key barriers to fertility preservation were the procedure's cost (60.5%) and potential side effects (52.7%). Younger women and those with a university or medical education showed better knowledge. Conclusions: The study highlights limited knowledge of oocyte cryopreservation among women in Saudi Arabia, with financial costs and potential risks being significant barriers to the procedure.