Experimental and Computational Assessment of Building Structures Reinforced with Textile Fiber Waste to Improve Thermo-Mechanical Performance

Faced with the growing demand for energy-efficient construction and the need to address environmental challenges, the building sector must innovate to reduce energy consumption and promote sustainability. This study investigates a dual solution to these challenges by enhancing the thermo-mechanical performance of building materials through the integration of textile fiber waste, using a combination of experimental and computational methodologies. This investigation focused on incorporating textile fiber wastes in cementitious composites for construction applications. A series of mechanical and thermal tests were carried out on the cement mortars with different proportions of incorporated textile fibers after 7 and 28 days of water curing. The results showed that the incorporation of fibers can significantly improve the thermal insulation of buildings by reducing the thermal conductivity of cement mortar by up to 52%. To complement experimental findings, computational models were developed using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 software to predict the thermal diffusivity and volumetric heat capacity of textile-reinforced mortars. These models revealed that mortars incorporating 40% textile fibers as a sand replacement achieved significant reductions in thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity by approximately 40%, 21%, and 23%, respectively, compared with ordinary cement mortar. Furthermore, this study numerically examined the potential of combining textile-reinforced mortar with phase-change material (PCM) in building applications. The aim of the research was to overcome the challenges of cooling buildings in scorching summer conditions. The optimization of roof and wall composition was based on an assessment of air temperature variation within a space.