Aspects of increasing productivity of soft spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe

The purpose of the research is to study the agrotechnological aspects of increasing the producti­vity of soft spring wheat in the conditions of the Northern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in the context of climate change. Research is aimed at optimizing spring wheat cultivation technology based on the use of modern fertilization systems, growth stimulants and plant protection agents. Special attention is paid to determining the influence of growing conditions on the productivity of spring wheat and adapting agrotechnological techniques to ensure stable and high yields of this crop under climate changes. Methods. The research program included the following methods: field, biometric and measuring-weighing, laboratory, comparative-calculating, as well as mathematical-statistical. Results. It was established that for the cultivation technology, which provided for the treatment of seeds with an organic fertilizer with a stimulating effect, the application of N45P90K90 before sowing and for N45 at the 30th and 48th stages of development according to ВВСН against the background of earning by-products of the predecessor and the application of integrated crop protection on average for 2021−2023 obtained the highest yield of soft spring wheat at the level of 4.35 t/ha. The yield increase for this technology compared to the control was 1.80 t/ha. The complex application of elements of the technology of growing soft spring wheat affected both the yield and quality indicators of the grain. In particular, the content of crude protein was 15.15%, crude gluten – 25.31%, which corresponds to the first quality class in accordance with the requirements of DSTU 3768:2019. Conclusions. It was established that mineral fertilizers, plant growth stimulators, crop protection systems and by-products of precursors are integral components in the technology of growing soft spring wheat. On average, for 2021−2023, the effect of using mineral fertilizers was 0.18−1.80 t/ha, depending on the level of fertilization and the crop protection system. Optimization of nutrition, in particular, the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers with a stimulating effect, helps plants to adapt to stressful conditions, increasing their productivity under changing climatic conditions.