The hybridization potential of the CMS of sugar beet lines of the Uman selection in the system of ecological variety testing «Betaintercross»

Aim. Study of the hybridization potential of CMS lines and creation of highly productive sugar beet hybrids on a sterile basis. Methods. Field (experiments, phenological observations), laboratory (to determine sugar content), measuring and weighing (to determine the crop structure), statistical (mathematical processing of research results). Results. The principles of selection of parental components for the formation of experimental hybrids of sugar beets on a sterile basis in selection for heterosis have been established. It has been proved that the basic performance of CMS lines has a significant impact on their productive potential. The most high-yielding sugar beet hybrids on a sterile basis (SC160836, SC160119, SC160810, SC160931, SC170529) were created using CMS lines 2101, 2119 and 2121, which were characterized by high GCA effects and SCA variances. They exceed the group standard by 6.6–15.6% and 7.8–21.3%, respectively, in terms of harvest and yield of sugar per hectare. The most productive hybrid SC160836 of TRS NSC «IА NAAS» selection, according to these indicators exceeded the standard by 15.6% and 21.3%, respectively. Conclusions. The research results indicate a significant hybridization potential of the Uman breeding CMS lines. For the genetic regulation of productivity elements of sugar beet hybrids on a sterile basis, the selection of parental components must be carried out comprehensively according to the combining ability, the level of their basic productivity and a number of other selection and genetic characteristics. The most highly productive crossing combinations were obtained on the basis of CMS lines with high specific combining ability. The best hybrids of sugar beets, formed using the appropriate CMS lines and multi-sprout pollinators of various origins, provide a guaranteed increase of 8-16% in terms of harvest and 8-21% in terms of sugar yield per hectare.