Endovascular Approaches to Diagnosing Pelvic Varicose Veins in Men: Investigating Efficacy and Outcomes

Pelvic Venous Disorder (PEVD) and May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) represent relatively understudied vascular issues that can significantly impact patients' quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment for PEVD and MTS, conduct a comparative analysis of outcomes, and determine the practical significance of different therapeutic approaches. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2022 in Moscow, Russia, encompassing two outpatient clinics. A total of 132 patients diagnosed with pelvic venous disorder and/or May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) participated in the research. Diagnostic confirmation relied on ultrasound, transrectal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical treatment methods included angioplasty and stenting of the iliac veins. Evaluation of outcomes was based on a comparison of symptoms and additional investigations before and after treatment. It was found that 36% of patients had a history of previous varicocelectomies, with 21% of them having undergone prior surgical interventions. Comorbidities included chronic prostatitis, sexual dysfunction, haemorrhoids, and the presence of varicose veins in the legs, with these pathologies observed in more than 50% of cases. Following the surgical intervention (placement of stents on the left common iliac vein, LCI), a significant improvement in condition was observed in 91% of cases. The obtained results confirm the high efficacy of surgical intervention in the case of PEVD and MTS. The research findings can assist physicians in making more informed decisions when choosing treatment methods for patients with these conditions.