EXPERIENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY TUBERCULOSIS AT THE STAGE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ASSESSMENT OF EARLY MALADAPTIVE SCHEMES

Currently, surgical treatment is an important component of the comprehensive treatment of respiratory tuberculosis (RT) in children, due to the low effectiveness of conservative treatment in terms of closing cavities of lung tissue decay associated with an increase in the proportion of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/EDR TB) in the incidence of tuberculosis in children. The stress nature of this type of treatment determines the relevance of developing effective, scientifically based approaches to the psychological support of patients in the perioperative period using the latest psychotherapeutic methods. The article presents the results of a study of the psychoemotional state of 20 patients aged 7–12 years with RT, having different levels of early maladaptive schemes (EMS), in the perioperative period. To compare the indicators of the psychoemotional status of children with different levels of EMS, the sample was divided into 2 groups: with a high and low level of the total EMS score. The psychoemotional state of patients with high levels of EMS in the preoperative and early postoperative period was characterized by the presence of more pronounced depressive symptoms. Data on intergroup differences in the severity of specific EMS were obtained: in the group with a high level of EMS, the level of EMS 'emotional inhibition', 'unrelenting standards', 'negativity/pessimism', 'punitiveness', 'enmeshment/undeveloped self' and 'self-sacrifice' was significantly higher. The possibilities of individualization of the program of psychological support for surgical treatment of children with RT, taking into account data on the severity of EMS, are proposed.