Analysis and Design of Wideband Vivaldi Antenna for 5G Applications

This paper presents a design and simulation of a novel wideband Vivaldi antenna, which is obtained using exponential curves to achieve optimal performance across multiple frequencies. The proposed antenna operates at four frequency bands 1.14 GHz, 2.84 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 5 GHz, which makes it suitable for a wide range of 5G applications. The tapered slot Vivaldi antenna, with compact dimensions of 49 × 48.4 × 1.6 mm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>, integrates a 3 mm microstrip feed and is designed on an FR4 substrate, which has a dielectric constant of 4.4 with a tangent loss of 0.02. To enhance operational efficiency of our Vivaldi antenna, a circular cut has been introduced in the ground plane, which improving significantly the antenna's radiation characteristics and impedance matching. The design was carried out and analyzed using CST studio simulator. The simulation results indicate a significant improvement in the performance across various stages of the design process. This iterative design process underscores the adaptability of the antenna for a wide frequency band, including 5G bands. Due to its compact size, wideband capabilities, and improved gain and directivity, our proposed enhanced Vivaldi antenna demonstrates considerable promise for integration into modern communication systems, particularly in 5G applications, where wide bandwidth and multi-frequency operations are very important.