Building Energy Management System Using Coalition-Based Particle Swarm Optimization and Fog Computing Infrastructure

An Energy Management System (EMS) based on fog computing is introduced to enhance energy management. This system utilizes a streamlined model to address social networking issues by maintaining a balance between generated and required energy. The networking challenge is framed as a coalition problem tackled using particle swarm optimization. As the number of power customers grows, EMS efficiency in real-time environments faces challenges due to increasing computational complexity. To mitigate this, several service providers are shifting their computing and storage resources to cloud and fog environments. Fog computing, positioned between the cloud and customers, improves system speed compared to the cloud. In this scenario, a multi-unit residential building is considered, with each apartment acting as a player and excess electricity serving as compensation. The surplus power is distributed to apartments with energy shortages using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which allocates electricity based on demand. Simulation results show that a surplus of 13.9 kWh of electricity is conserved and allocated to energy-deficient apartments at various times throughout the day.