Дисрегуляция эмоций и ее нейрофизиологический базис у людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра

Introduction. Emotion dysregulation is a characteristic of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This study aims to systematize and analyze data on the specificity of emotion dysregulation in children and adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and their neurophysiological correlates. Emotion regulation in ASDs. Typical manifestations of emotion dysregulation in different age groups with ASDs, the relationship between efficient and inefficient regulatory mechanisms and concomitant disorders, external and internal problems, and key symptoms of autism are described. The emotion regulation system in ASDs shows a developmental delay. Neurobiological mechanisms of disorders in the emotional sphere and social interactions in ASDs. Data on the neurobiological mechanisms of emotion dysregulation in ASDs show a number of structural, functional, and molecular characteristics in the brain regions associated with the processing of social information, as well as an imbalance of excitation and inhibition processes, which obviously decreases stress resistance. Due to the increase in avoidance behavior and reduction in social experience, low stress resistance to social stimuli creates secondary obstacles to the formation of effective self-regulation strategies. Neurobiological mechanisms of emotion dysregulation in ASDs. There is a single neurophysiological basis for disturbances in the processing of emotional and social signals and in emotion dysregulation in ASDs.