Julius Evola’s Philosophical Anthropology of Castes: A Metaphysics of Heroism and Transfiguration in War

Enormous technological advances and scientific discoveries are helping to extend life expectancy and improve performance. However, modern society is also helping to increase social inequalities, with the grievances that afflict the most vulnerable forcing some people to survive from day to day. As globalisation spreads, the process of confrontation is launched between those who have been able to mobilise their resources for general social participation and those who, for lack of resources, are unable to do so. Exclusion then takes the form of a multidimensional social phenomenon, which leads individuals to opt out of a number of benefits to which they are entitled as full members of society that contradict the social integration model. Reflecting on the theme of citizenship education in educational institutions would seem to be essential to ensure that certain values central to the personal and collective development of the community are taught. As a result, educational institutions have set themselves the task of fostering openness to social diversity, developing civic skills (civic-mindedness, respect, solidarity) and a sense of belonging to the community, and encouraging pupils to forge their own judgement so that they are capable of responding to the challenges that await them. This kind of education is a key means of enabling young people to gradually become involved in the community.