Challenges of Zakat Management in Yala Province, Southern Thailand: A Stakeholders' Perspective

Abstract Purpose - This study examines the challenges and opportunities in Zakat management in Yala Province, Southern Thailand, from the perspectives of key stakeholders including individuals and families. Method - A qualitative approach was employed, using focus group interviews with 38 informants across three stakeholder groups: Zakat payers, religious leaders and governmental representatives, and Zakat operators. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify key challenges and propose solutions. Results - Three major challenges in Zakat management were identified: (1) limited institutional capacity, including inadequate resources, infrastructure, and expertise; (2) insufficient operational knowledge, particularly regarding calculations and eligibility criteria; and (3) a lack of transparency and accountability in Zakat collection and distribution. Proposed solutions include establishing an official Zakat organization, leveraging technology platforms, strengthening collaboration with religious leaders, implementing transparency mechanisms, and creating centralized databases for effective management. Practical Implication – Religious leaders and governmental representatives have put their concern over Zakat management in Thailand and this research would offer them insights on major challenges in Zakat good governance. Originality – This paper is expected to enrich the literature of Zakat management in Thailand and strategies on how to maximize Zakat's role as an effective instrument for poverty reduction and the promotion of social justice. Keywords: Zakat Management, Southern Thailand, Challenges and Opportunities, Stakeholder Perspective, Transparency and Accountability