[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of neurobrucellosis (2025 edition)].

Neurobrucellosis is a neurological disorder caused by Brucella infection. It typically occurs as part of the multisystem involvement of brucellosis, or may also present as brucellosis. The existing clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus on human brucellosis are outdated and provide limited guidance specific to the diagnosis and management of neurobrucellosis, failing to meet the evolving needs of healthcare providers and patients. To comprehensively improve the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities for neurobrucellosis in China, as well as to standardize clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment for neurobrucellosis, the Tuberculous Meningitis Subcommittee of the Tuberculosis Branch of the Chinese Medical Association established the Expert Consensus Development Working Group for Neurobrucellosis. Following rigorous methodologies for clinical practice guideline and consensus formulation, Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of neurobrucellosis (2025 edition) was developed. This consensus outlines 12 recommendations in 9 aspects: epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, immunological testing, pathogen identification, imaging and electrophysiological assessments, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, therapeutic strategies, and prognostic evaluation. Based on these recommendations, the diagnostic criteria and diagnosis and treatment process for Chinese neuroblastoma have been developed.