Pandemic Induced Shifts Dietary and Economic Adjustments in Semi Urban Bangladeshi Communities

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching socioeconomic impacts, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income populations worldwide. In Bangladesh, particularly in semi-urban areas like Rajshahi, lockdown measures imposed to control the virus's spread have profoundly impacted individuals reliant on daily wages and small businesses. This study examines the dietary, financial, and health lifestyle changes among auto drivers in the Rajshahi district during the COVID-19 lockdown, highlighting the challenges faced and the coping mechanisms adopted by this vulnerable group. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on people living in the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh, focusing on changes in dietary habits, financial status, and overall lifestyle. Additionally, it aims to compare these impacts between rural and urban areas within the district. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 390 participants in Rajshahi district captured demographic, educational, occupational, and lifestyle data, alongside economic impacts of the lockdown. Descriptive statistics summarized findings, while comparative tests and regression analyses explored relationships. Factor and cluster analyses categorized socioeconomic groups, complemented by visualizations like histograms and scatter plots for data presentation. Results: The sample predominantly comprised males (93%), with a median age of 40 years. Most participants (62%) lived in rural areas, and 38% were illiterate. The median daily income was 450 BDT, with a median expenditure of 400 BDT. A significant portion of participants (82%) experienced financial loss during the lockdown, and 88% reported lifestyle changes, primarily in food (75.39%), in medical care (82%) and on income pandemic has effect on 81.21% of study subjects. Rural auto drivers had lower median incomes and higher expenditures compared to their urban counterparts. The majority (89%) received financial aid from the government and NGOs. Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown significantly affected the socioeconomic status of auto drivers in the Rajshahi district, with rural areas experiencing more severe impacts. Despite the financial and lifestyle challenges, many individuals demonstrated resilience through various coping mechanisms, including financial aid. Targeted interventions, such as enhanced financial support, vocational training, and improved access to healthcare, are essential to mitigate the long-term effects of such disruptions on vulnerable communities.