An evaluation of English Medium Instruction on content learning and language knowledge and recommendations for practice

Driven by the perception that English Medium Instruction can lead to gains in both content learning and English language knowledge, the number of EMI courses in institutions worldwide has proliferated in recent years. However, an examination of research on EMI shows that outcomes in both these areas are unclear, due to methodological errors or studies that neglect individual learner differences. Recommendations at both practitioner and institutional level, such as specialised pre-sessional courses for EMI students and EMI teacher training, are given to ensure that students can achieve in both subject knowledge and English language ability.