Explosives and their compositions in the Russian-Ukrainian war

The article investigates modern explosives and their compositions used in the Russian-Ukrainian war since the spring of 2014, taking into account new means of destruction that appeared after the full-scale invasion of 2022. The main object of the study is explosives fitted to ammunition of the armed forces of Russia and Ukraine according to the markings on the cases. The purpose of the study is to expand knowledge about the nomenclature of explosives and their compositions used during the Russian-Ukrainian war. The purpose of the article is to analyse the scientific literature, Internet sources, photos and videos posted on social media regarding explosives in the Russian-Ukrainian war. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the identification of new labels and characteristics of explosives used in the conflict and their comparison with already known explosives. The author analyses the technical characteristics, economic factors and availability of explosive components. The latest explosives have advantages in terms of production speed and availability, which makes them important in the context of a shortage of raw materials, reduced production capacity and scientific and technical base. A comparison of modern explosives with those used in the past to better understand their effectiveness and potential risks if detected. The conducted analysis of photo and video materials with the use of ammunition in the course of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine revealed new markings of equipment with explosive ammunition. The economic aspects of the explosives production are considered, taking into account the issues of reducing the cost of production and using cheaper materials. It is concluded that the technological development of the defence industry and its adaptation to the conditions of long-term combat operations are of great importance.