Fermented Ofada rice (A Nigerian recipe) attenuates renal and hepatic dysfunction induced by crude oil poisoning in Wistar Rats

Objectives: This work examined the antioxidative capacity of Ofada rice Koji (ORK) to ameliorate toxicity emanating from Bonny Light Crude Oil (BLCO) on xenobiotic targeted tissues (liver and kidney) in rats. Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were divided into 4groups (ABCD). Short-term crude oil toxicity was conducted for seven days. Groups A (positive control) were exempted and devoid of the toxicant while B (negative control) to D were administered 4ml BLCO/kg bwt. Group C was fed with 40g of standard rat feed mixed with 60g of fermented ORK powder (60% w/w) while group D animals were given 95g of standard rat feed mixed with 5g of ascorbic acid (ASC) (5g w/w) by composition. ORK and ASC diets were given for 14 days. Results: ORK intake reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in the kidney and liver by 46% and 61% respectively. Assessment of Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione (GSH), when compared with untreated control rats, were increased by 28%, 45% and 24% respectively (for kidney) and 19%, 34% and 38% respectively (for liver). ORK maintained these enzyme levels by 17%, 4% and 14% respectively (for kidney) and 7%, 14% and 17% respectively (for liver). Renal creatinine and urea were elevated by BLCO treatment but were normalized by ORK intake. The severe alteration in renal and hepatic morphology as observed with BLCO intubation was almost regularized by ORK intake. Conclusion: Data from this experimental research expresses the ameliorative capacity of ORK in BLCO toxicity.