Lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury in thermal skin burns

Background . Acute kidney injury is one of the most serious complications of thermal skin burns; in most cases it remains undiagnosed in the first day after injury. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new biomarkers that can indicate the onset of renal damage. Lidocaine and matrix metalloproteinases are of the greatest interest. Currently, there is insufficient information about the participation of these proteins in the development of acute kidney injury in the pathogenesis of burn disease. The aim . To evaluate the dynamics of changes in the levels of lipocalin, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in blood serum in patients with thermal skin burns. Materials and methods . The study included 74 patients with thermal skin burns of I–III degree with a skin lesion area of more than 25 %, of which at least 15 % are deep burns. Serum creatinine levels were determined using the kinetic Jaffe method. The concentration of lidocaine and matrix metalloproteinases was studied by multiplex analysis on a flow cytofluorimeter. Results . It was found that the level of lipocalin in the blood serum of patients with thermal skin burns increased 5.5 times in relation to the control group during the shock period. During the period of burn toxemia and septicotoxemia, this indicator remained at a high level and exceeded the control values. The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in blood serum during burn shock was 4.3 times higher, with burn toxemia – 3.5 times and during septicotoxemia – 2.9 times in relation to the control group. Similar dynamics was observed in the study of the level of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Conclusion . Lipocalin and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 can be considered as early biomarkers of acute kidney injury in patients with thermal burns.