A study on clinical profile and correlation between electroencephalogram and neuroimaging in unprovoked seizures in children aged between 2 months to 12 years

Background: Seizure is one of the commonest neurological illnesses in children and is also an important cause of mortality and morbidity in childhood proper diagnosis and management helps in improving the everyday life of children with seizures. The study is conducted to find the clinical profile and correlation of electroencephalogram (EEG) and neuroimaging and their correlation in the unprovoked afebrile seizures in children aged between 2 months and 12 years. Methods: This is a hospital based prospective observational study conducted for a period of 1 year and total of 63 children were included in the study with unprovoked seizures admitted in pediatric department of government Cuddalore medical college and hospital, Chidambaram. The data regarding their name, age, sex, type of seizure, past history of seizures, treatment history, developmental history, family history and EEG/neuroimaging findings are collected and recorded in a preformed proforma and analysed. Results: Among the 63 children, majority belonged to 1-5 years age group with male preponderance. About 80% of patient had generalised seizures and 20% had focal seizures. About 90% had abnormal EEG whereas 25.8% had abnormal neuroimaging. Majority of the abnormal neuroimaging is shared by focal seizures group. About 83% of children required single antiepileptic only. Conclusions: The EEG abnormality occurred equally in both generalised and focal seizures. Higher incidence of neuroimaging abnormality is seen in focal seizures. Idiopathic seizures were the most common etiology. There is a higher correlation between neuroimaging abnormality and EEG changes in focal seizures than generalised seizures. Electroencephalogram and neuroimaging are mandatory in evaluating children with unprovoked seizures.