Spot the signs, save the sight: pediatric orbital cellulitis from rhinosinusitis

Orbital cellulitis is a potentially devastating condition characterized by acute infection of the orbital contents. While it can occur at any age, it is more prevalent in the pediatric population. Key red flag signs include conjunctival chemosis, proptosis, restricted ocular movements, and reduced visual acuity. Recognizing these signs is crucial for diagnosing post-septal cellulitis, which requires aggressive management involving surgical intervention and parenteral antibiotics to prevent serious complications. This case series presents 8 cases of orbital cellulitis encompassing 3 boys and 5 girls aged 3 to 15 years who were thoroughly assessed, investigated and followed up. Three patients who presented with pre-septal cellulitis were managed conservatively with antibiotics, antihistamines and nasal decongestants while the remaining five who presented with post-septal cellulitis underwent transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression surgery. Post-operative recovery was good. All patients are currently asymptomatic and are under follow-up.