YIELD OF SPRING BARLEY DEPENDING ON THE SEEDING RATES AND SOWING DATES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA

Experimental data for 2019–2021 are presented. to study the effect of seeding rates and sowing dates on the yield of spring barley in the conditions of the Republic of Tyva. The object of the study was the varieties of spring barley Biom and Olenek, approved for use in the East Siberian Region. The Acha variety served as the standard. The studies were carried out on the boghara of the forest-steppe zone at the experimental site of the Tuva Research Institute of Agriculture. The soil is dark chestnut light loam, with a neutral soil reaction pH 7.0. The moisture supply regime for the studied years was favorable, the temperature regime had lower values, compared with long-term ones. The results of the experimental work revealed that the optimal sowing time for spring barley in the conditions of rainfed agriculture falls on the last ten days of May. It has been established that the best seeding rate for spring barley varieties, providing a high weight of 1000 grains, grain weight per ear and yield, is the rate of 4.5 million germinating grains per ha. Varieties Olenek and Biom in 2021 were higher than the standard by 0.59 and 0.65 g, respectively, in terms of grain weight per ear in the second term at a seeding rate of 4.5 million. In terms of the weight of 1000 grains, on average over three years, Biom was higher than the standard in the first and second terms at a rate of 3.5 million per 3.7–4.27 g, and also at a rate of 4.5 million per 3.86–5.86 g respectively. The Biom variety had a high yield in 2021 in the second term with a seeding rate of 4.5 million germinating grains above the standard by 3.31 t/ha.