EVALUATION OF OBJECTIVE MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RAT HEPATOCYTE MITOCHONDRIA WITH COMBINED MYCOTOXICOSIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF PREVENTIVE COMPLEXES USE

The purpose of research is to study the ultrastructure of the liver and morphometric characteristics of mitochondria of white rats with combined mycotoxicosis against the background of the use of prophylactic complexes. The work was performed on 80 rats weighing 150–170 g, divided into 8 groups (n=10). The first group of rats served as biological control. Mycotoxins were given to rats with food (aflatoxin B1 – 2.5 mg/kg; T-2 toxin – 5 mg/kg; zearalenone – 2.0 mg/kg of feed). In addition to the toxic diet, rats of groups 3–5 received prophylactic complexes at a dose of 0.25 % of the diet (prophylactic complexes No. 1, 2, 3: 1 – β-glucans, milk thistle meal, vitamin E, ascorbic acid, levamisole; 2 – bentonite, succinic acid, methyluracil; vitamin A, probiotic preparation Florin; 3 – halloysite, methionine, β-glucans, milk thistle meal). Rats of groups 6–8, in addition to the main diet, received prophylactic complex № 1, 2, and 3, respectively, at a dosage similar to that for groups 3–5. Ultrastructural studies of the liver were performed according to standard electron microscopic techniques. Combined mycotoxicosis (group No. 2) at the level of the ultrastructure of hepatocytes is manifested by an uncharacteristic shape of nuclei, redistribution of chromatin, destructive processes in mitochondria, and clearing of significant areas of the cytoplasm. The electron-light cytoplasm has few inclusions and a fragmented endoplasmic reticulum. The matrix of most mitochondria has an average electron density, cristae are not visualized, some mitochondria are characterized by membrane destruction. In a comparative aspect, the toxic control group compared to the biological group is characterized by a statistically significant (in the Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction p<0.0096) decrease in all values of the morphometric characteristics of mitochondria (area, perimeter, sphericity and caliperometric diameter). Approbation of prophylactic complexes in case of combined mycotoxicosis showed a protective and therapeutic effect (presence of glycogen, sufficiently dense cytoplasm, preservation of the integrity of membrane organelles).