PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOBIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF KETOSIS IN COWS

The paper presents the results of a study of the physiological and biochemical aspects of the manifestation of ketosis in cows, which was carried out in the commercial economy of the Kemerovo Region in January 2020 on 16 new-calf black-and-white cows. Groups of animal analogues were formed according to age, milk yield, fat content of milk and physiological state. According to the results of the study of milk and blood serum for ketone bodies, the animals were divided into 2 groups – the control group (healthy animals) and the experimental group (sick animals). The analysis of ketone bodies was carried out using Lestrade's reagent. The content of total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, carotene and protein was determined in the blood serum of the studied animals. The results of the study of milk and blood with Lestrade's reagent out of 16 animals showed a positive reaction to ketone bodies in 9 cows, negative in 7 animals. General clinical examinations of animals showed that the average body temperature, pulse rate, average respiratory rate in cows of the experimental and control groups are within the physiological norm. In the experimental group of animals, compared with the control group, a lower content of leukocytes was found – by 2.4 109/l, or 27.59 % (p < 0.001), as well as erythrocytes and hemoglobin – by 1.6 1012/l, or 24.62 % (p < 0.01), and 1.93 g/100 ml (p < 0.05), respectively. Biochemical blood tests showed that animals with ketosis had an increased calcium content in the experimental group – 4.84±0.44 mmol/l (2 times against the norm), and reserve alkalinity was 40.23±1.89 % CO2, i.e. this indicator was below the norm by 13.5. The glucose level in the experimental group was reduced to 1.43±0.23 mmol/l, in the control group the glucose content in blood serum was within the physiological norm and amounted to 2.02±0.18 mmol/l.