A Study on Packet-Level Index Modulation Using Frequency Offsets within a LoRaWAN Channel

This paper focuses on Low Power Wide Area (LPWA), which is used for Internet of Things (IoT) systems because IoT becomes more and more popular. In LPWA, LoRaWAN (Long Range WAN) is known as one of the communication methods for IoT systems. Since LoRaWAN uses LoRa modulation, it is not easy to increase the data rate. Therefore, this paper addresses the issue of the number of channels due to the limitation of the number of transmission bits in increasing the transmission bits using the proposed PLIM scheme. The frequency bands allocated to PLWA vary by region and country, and the number of channels is limited. Then, in order to increase the number of transmission bits as much as possible, this paper proposes the PLIM to use frequency offsets within the LoRaWAN channel.