Detecting Spoof Voices in Asian Non-Native Speech: An Indonesian and Thai Case Study

This study focuses on building effective spoofing countermeasures (CMs) for non-native speech, specifically targeting Indonesian and Thai speakers. We constructed a dataset comprising both native and non-native speech to facilitate our research. Three key features—MFCC, LFCC, and CQCC—were extracted from the speech data, and three classic machine learning-based classifiers—CatBoost, XGBoost, and GMM—were employed to develop robust spoofing detection systems using the native and combined (native and non-native) speech data. This resulted in two types of CMs: Native and Combined. The performance of these CMs was evaluated on both native and nonnative speech datasets. Our findings reveal significant challenges faced by Native CM in handling non-native speech, highlighting the necessity for domain-specific solutions. The proposed method shows improved detection capabilities, demonstrating the importance of incorporating non-native speech data into the training process. This work lays the foundation for more effective spoofing detection systems in diverse linguistic contexts.