Risk Management in Education: A Systematic Literature Review of the Last Five Years

Objective: This article aims to analyze current strategies and practices in risk management in education over the past five years, with a particular focus on identifying the types of risks faced by educational institutions. Theoretical Framework: Risk management in education has gained relevance in a global context marked by natural disasters, health crises and social inequalities. This approach focuses on identifying, evaluating and mitigating risks that may affect the functioning and quality of learning in educational institutions. Method: The methodology used is based on the PRISMA method for systematic reviews, which ensures a rigorous and transparent process. An exhaustive search was carried out in databases such as Scopus, SciELO and Redalyc, applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to filter relevant studies published between 2020 and 2024. Boolean operators were used to optimize the search and the information was organized using a matrix of data extraction. Results and Discussion: The results indicate a diversity of risk types that include natural, financial, psychosocial and health crisis-related risks. The strategies implemented by educational institutions have evolved towards more proactive approaches, integrating risk management into their strategic plans. The active participation of students and teachers has been identified as key to fostering a culture of prevention. In addition, it was found that adequate management contributes to minimizing interruptions in learning and improves the general well-being of students. Implications of the Research: This study highlights the urgent need for educational institutions to develop and implement effective strategies to manage identified risks. It is suggested that increased ongoing training and a collaborative approach can strengthen institutional resilience and ensure a safe educational environment. Originality/Value: This systematic review provides a comprehensive view on current practices in risk management in education, highlighting the importance of addressing these challenges from a multidimensional approach. The findings can serve as a basis for future research and for the development of more effective educational policies.