Chronic osteomyelitis with pathological fracture induced by Mycoplasma hominis infection: a case report and review of the literature

<i>Mycoplasma hominis</i>, commonly residing in the genitourinary tract, can cause rare extragenital infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This report details a case of chronic osteomyelitis with a pathological femur fracture in a 79-year-old woman. Despite a history of bone tuberculosis, the infection was identified as <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> through culture and mass spectrometry, highlighting the diagnostic challenges due to the organism's lack of a cell wall. This case underscores the necessity for advanced diagnostic methods and awareness of <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> in non-urogenital infections.