Application of silver and selenium nanoparticles to enhance plant-defense response against biotic stressors

Abstract The present review discusses the role of silver (AgNPs) and selenium (SeNPs) nanoparticles at different concentrations in the regulation of plant defence responses to the biotic stressors. Study of the role of the above nanoparticles (NPs) has generated considerable interest because these caused significant changes in the framework of plant growth and their metabolism and play an important role in responses to biotic stress factors. Numerous results of metabolomics studies provide evidence that NPs change the profile of metabolites and their concentrations. NPs were applied as potential tools to improve the growth of plants, plant tolerance to abiotic stresses and food production, but research on the environmental safety of their use in agriculture is still necessary. The response of plants to the application of NPs depends on their concentration, plant species, exposure time and stage of development.