Public-private partnerships in waterfront regeneration Processes: the case of the port of Livorno

The public contracting models based on Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) arrangements, initially used in other sectors, have also become part of urban planning, including urban regeneration projects. Despite this, PPP arrangements in urban regeneration projects face many obstacles, reflecting the essence of this contracting instrument and the particularities of the sector itself. In this sense, it is important to study best practices and the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) that can contribute to these practices. Based on this, this study analyzes a concrete case of urban regeneration through a PPP: the waterfront and Port of Livorno developed through the STU Porta a Mare. The analysis refers to different aspects, considering the urban features of the project itself and issues relating to the partnership. Through the analysis, the study aims to identify best practices and success factors specific to this case, which could influence other partnerships in the same scope