НАУКОВІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ТРАКТУВАННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ «МІЖНАРОДНА БЕЗПЕКА»

Due to the growing number of regional confrontations and the dynamic growth of global problems, the international security system is undergoing significant changes as part of world policy. The globalization of the world space has influenced the transformation of the security environment, created new actors in international relations, and led to new threats. The rise of an aggressor in Eastern Europe was one of these challenges. This, in turn, triggered a split between supporters of democracy and autoc- racy. Outright violation of the current principles and norms of international law, development, and use of new types of weapons and military equip- ment, involvement of mercenaries, terrorist sponsors, and deepening coop- eration with North Korea – are all threats that have prompted an immediate search for new ways to respond to it in the system of international relations by developing practical strategic guidelines for stabilizing and balancing relations between the actors of world politics. Therefore, the question of examining not only the existing approaches to interpreting the essence of the concept of “international security” but also the formation of new ones by auditing problematic issues in the system of international relations and analyzing methods and ways to overcome them has become relevant. The article summarizes the approaches to defining the concepts of secu- rity, ‘national security,’ and ‘international security.’ It considers the leading and most common models of international security and spatial categories of geopolitical theory. The article analyzes the scientific literature on international relations in the study context. The author provides an up-to-date list of challenges and threats that will affect significant changes in the formation of a new world order and measures to stabilize the international security system in the cur- rent situation