Agriculture and rural development in Romania: navigating the challenges and demands of sustainable development goals

This article examines the potential and problems that Romania's agriculture industry faces in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, particularly SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 2 (Zero Hunger). Romania's agriculture is essential to the country's economic expansion, rural development, and environmental sustainability, yet there are major challenges due to dispersed landholdings, antiquated infrastructure, and climate change. Crop production per hectare and water usage efficiency are the two main variables used in the study to evaluate resource management and agricultural performance.The yields of rapeseed and wheat have somewhat improved, but the production of barley has remained unchanged. Because of changing irrigation needs and rainfall, water usage efficiency has changed. In order to reach the SDG objectives, the report highlights the necessity of upgrading water management systems and modernising agricultural practices. The present study enhances comprehension of the intricate dynamics of sustainable agriculture in Romania and its conformity with wider sustainability frameworks in Europe and worldwide.