Tridimensional Evaluation of Condyle-Fossa Relationship in Mexican Population Using CBCT

Background: This study aims to compare the condylar position in Mexican population with the values of Ikeda Spatial Condyle Analysis with different sagittal skeletal pattern, age and sex using a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Objective: To evaluate the condyle-fossa relationship in patients with skeletal patterns and sex using Ikeda Spatial Condyle Analysis assessed with CBCT. Materials and Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study, 86 condyles CBCT images were used for this study (August 2023- December 2024). The patients were divided into 3 groups according to 3 criteria: age (12-60 years old with intervals of 5 years); sex (female and male); and skeletal pattern as ANB classification (Class I, Class II, and Class III). Temporomandibular joint space (TMJS): (SAS, sagittal anterior space; SSS, sagittal superior space; SPS, sagittal posterior space; CMS, coronal medial space; CLS, coronal lateral space and CCS, coronal central space) were measured and compared. Statistical analyses were performed using two-sample T test, Mu Test, and Anderson- Darling probability test (p<0.05). Results: The mean age of the participants (n = 43) was 30.9 ± 10.9 years (62.7% female). Differences in condyle-fossa relationships were significantly different between Mexican population and Ikeda Condyle Analysis values (p < 0.05). The mean values showed no statistical differences according to sex or sagittal skeletal pattern. The sagittal measurements showed the mean ratio of SAS (2.1+/- 0.6), SSS and SPS (2.5+/-0.7) and (1.8+/- 0.5), respectively. The coronal measurements showed the mean ratio of CMS (2.3+/- 0.7), CCS and CLS (2.5+/- 0.8) and (2.1+/- 0.6), respectively. Conclusions: The Mexican tridimensional condylar position showed significant differences compared with the Ikeda condylar position. These results can be associated to racial anatomical differences. The condyle-fossa relationship values for skeletal pattern; Left / Right condyles and sex, showed ..