Frequency and risk factors associated with Low Birth Weight (LBW) at Bandung Regional General Hospital Indonesia

Low birth weight (LBW) was the highest contributor to the infant mortality rate at 52.4% in Bandung, Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of LBW and associated risk factors. This study used a retrospective cross-sectional approach to identify 233 newborns with low birth weight from January to December 2022. The dependent (LBW) and independent variables (risk factors) were analyzed with a chi-square and Multivariate logistic regression test. The results in the bivariate analysis of this study were LBW was associated with preeclampsia (p = 0.001), gestational age (p = 0.000), premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) (p = 0.000), oligohydramnios (p = 0.019), multiple pregnancy (p = 0.000), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (p = 0.000). In multivariate analysis, LBW was associated with preeclampsia (p = 0.040 OR 1.806 CI 95% 1.028-3.173), gestational age (p = 0.000 OR 18.365 CI 95% 12.272-27.484), PROM (p = 0.007 OR 0.514 CI 95% 0.317-0.832), multiple pregnancy (p = 0.000 OR 4.934 CI 95% 2.246-10.841), and IUGR (p = 0.000 OR 0.043 CI 95% 0.018-0.107). Meanwhile, oligohydramnios was not associated with LBW (p = 0.099 OR 2.004 CI 95% 0.018-0.107).