TOPONYMS REVEALING THE NATURAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENVIRONMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TOPONYMS OF KUNGRAD DISTRICT)

Land and water names are a linguistic, historical, and cultural heritage that expresses an understanding of the worldview, lifestyle, customs, and geographical environment of the people who settled this territory. Toponymy is a mirror of people's lives. Our people, absorbed in a nomadic and sedentary lifestyle, were well-versed in the geographical environment, topography of the land, flora and fauna, and demonstrated their mastery in accurately describing them in their native language. The toponymy of the Kungrad district is based on geographical terms that indicate the natural and geographical features of the surrounding environment. The article deals with these issues.