Understanding Perceived Barriers to and Responsibility for Implementing Recommended Hygiene Activities in US Schools K-12: A Needs Assessment among Caregivers and Educators

Objective: Schools’ ability to implement recommended hygiene-related activities is critical in preventing the spread of gastrointestinal and respiratory illness. We conducted this study to improve understanding of perceived barriers to, and responsibility for implementing recommended activities related to hand hygiene, cleaning, and disinfection. Methods: We recruited a convenience sample of adults affiliated with the National Parent Teacher Association during July-August 2020. Questions focused on barriers to implementing recommended hygiene-related, cleaning, and disinfection activities. Results: Overall, 1173 participants completed the survey. Among caregivers, the main barriers to conducting hand hygiene were educators’ ability to monitor students (72%), lack of time (66%), and limited funding for hygiene supplies (65%). Among educators, the main barriers to conducting hand hygiene were access to needed supplies (75%), ability to monitor students (75%), and lack of time (72%). The top barriers reported by both groups relating to cleaning and disinfection activities were similar, with both groups reporting limited staff capacity (61% vs 75%), lack of time/scheduling difficulties (64% vs 75%), and lack of funds to purchase supplies (64% vs 70%). Conclusions: Our results clarify stakeholder concerns around implementation and main barriers. To implement recommended activities, schools need support (funding, staff, and supplies) and guidance for hygiene-related activities.