Comparative Study for Adenoidectomy by Different Surgical Methods

Background: Adenoids are lymphoid tissues in the upper part of the posterior nasopharynx, affecting upper airway breathing. Aims and objectives: To conduct comparative research on adenoidectomy using different techniques, including conventional microdebrider techniques, suction diathermy, and coblation techniques. Patients and methods: This randomized prospective research has been performed on 80 cases with nasal obstruction and was planned for adenoidectomy in the Otorhinolaryngology Department, Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Assiut, and in Minia Health Insurance Hospital, Egypt, from October 2022 to March 2024. The involved cases have been randomly categorized into four groups based on the adenoidectomy technique (20 patients each): Group I: the conventional method; Group II: the microdebrider method; Group III: the suction diathermy technique; and Group IV: coblation. Results: A significant variance was observed among groups regarding operation outcomes. The mean surgical duration was 11.1 ± 1.6 in the conventional Group, 14.61 ± 2.89 in the microdebrider Group, 16.03 ± 0.54 in the suction diathermy group, and 19.9 ± 2.19 in the coblation Group. Mean blood loss was 31.09 ± 9.86 in the conventional Group, 16.5 ± 3.39 in the microdebrider Group, 5.89 ± 1 in the suction diathermy group, and 5.85 ± 1.61 in the coblation Group. Conclusion: The conventional method is cost-effective and easy but susceptible to complications like hemorrhage and residual tissue. Coblation and suction diathermy are superior for blood loss, while the microdebrider method has the lowest postoperative complications.