Traditional use of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) in the Balkan Peninsula

The objective of this study was to compile and systematize traditional knowledge regarding the medicinal uses of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) among the Balkan population, based on existing literature. The ethnobotanical studies reviewed encompass various regions of the Balkan Peninsula, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia. These studies identified several categories of disorders commonly treated with pot marigold flowers in Balkan folk medicine, such as autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular conditions, dermatological issues, digestive ailments, neurological complaints, reproductive system disorders, urinary conditions, and other health issues. Additionally, fresh pot marigold leaves are traditionally used as a nutritional supplement. This synthesis of traditional knowledge on the medicinal uses of pot marigold flowers may serve as a valuable foundation for future studies, potentially leading to the development of new medicinal applications.