Measurement of Parity-Dependent Energy-Phase Relations in a Potential Artificial Kitaev Chain Utilizing a Transmon Qubit
Abstract Artificial Kitaev chains have emerged as a promising platform for realizing topological quantum computing. Once the chains are formed and Majorana zero modes are braided/fused, reading out the parity of the chains is essential for verifying the non-Abelian property of Majorana zero modes. Here, we demonstrate a transmon-based microwave probe for a four-site quantum dot–superconductor chain based on a Ge/Si nanowire. One end of the chain is incorporated into a superconducting transmon circuit, enabling spectroscopic identification of the chain’s singlet/doublet ground state and thereby inference of its total Fermion parity. We also demonstrate that, for multiple-dot chains, there are two types of 0−π transitions between different charging states: the parity-flip 0−π transition and the parity-preserved 0−π transition. Furthermore, we demonstrate electrostatic tunability of the interdot coupling. This phase-sensitive microwave platform provides a tool for studying complex hybrid superconducting quantum dot systems and for future extended artificial Kitaev chains.
Authors
- Enna Zhuo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2004-5615)
- Yukun Shi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5587-8409)
- Yuyang Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-4902)
- Erik P. A. M. Bakkers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8264-6862)
- Fanming Qu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6660-9335)
- Xiaohui Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5521-9761)
- Duolin Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8032-2840)
- Zhaozheng Lyu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-8048)
- Xiaozhou Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3517-1286)
- Jie Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-5081)
- Anqi Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-7273)
- Lu Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3097-1954)
- Ang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-6755)
- Bing Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-834X)
- Xiaodong Han (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0193-1291)
- Yunxiao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-2745)
- Guangtong Liu
- Xiaohui Song
- Ziwei Dou
- Peiling Li
Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Beijing University of Technology (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nano Letters
- Published
- 2026-11-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6c02705
- Citations
- 6
- Primary Topic
- Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.90
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing Nova Program
- National Key Research and Development Program of China