Industry specialization as a factor of sustainable development of Russian regions in modern geopolitical conditions

Relevance. In the context of rapid social, economic and environmental development of Russian regions, the issue of sustainable development has become especially relevant. The study of the impact of industry specialization on stability and long-term development allows us to take into account the unique characteristics of each region and helps formulate strategies to minimize risks and increase the sustainability of the economy. The purpose is to analyze the impact of industry specialization on the sustainable development of Russian regions, taking into account modern challenges and peculiarities of the economic structure of the country. Objectives: to consider the main approaches to the study of industry specialization and its role in regional development; to group the subjects of the Russian Federation according to the place they occupy in terms of gross regional product per capita; to determine the place occupied by the subject of the Russian Federation in the volume of shipped goods of its own production, performed works and services by its own forces by types of economic activity activities. Methodology. A wide range of scientific methods and approaches to research has been used, special attention is paid to general scientific methods of cognition, economic-geographical and economic-statistical approaches. Results. The study revealed that the industry specialization of Russian regions has a significant impact on their sustainable development. Regions dependent on extractive industries are vulnerable to fluctuations in resource prices, while diversified regions such as Moscow and St. Petersburg demonstrate a more stable economy due to a balanced industry structure. Conclusions. Russian regions show significant differences in socio-economic development, and their industry specialization has a significant impact on their sustainability. High concentration on one industry increases vulnerability to external economic changes, especially in modern geopolitical conditions, which is relevant for most of the northern and eastern raw material regions of Russia. For the sustainable development of the regions, strategies for economic diversification are needed, especially in new regions of Russia, where it will be necessary to take into account their unique characteristics and potential to create a sustainable economic structure.