A complete response with daratumumab, venetoclax, azacitidine and dexamethasone in a heavily pre-treated, chemo-refractory early T-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma patient

Early T-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ETP-ALL/LBL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of T-cell leukemia with poor prognosis and resistance to standard treatments. We report a 21-year-old male with ETP-ALL/LBL who, after an initial complete remission with the HOELZER protocol, experienced early relapse and was refractory to subsequent FLEND and BFM protocols. Following disease progression and complications, he was treated with a combination of daratumumab, venetoclax, azacitidine, and dexamethasone. This regimen achieved complete remission after one cycle. This case highlights the potential of this combination therapy as an effective treatment for refractory ETP-ALL/LBL, suggesting further research is warranted to validate its efficacy and safety.