The Symbolic Representation of the Mother in L'étrange by Albert Camus

Objectives: This study aims to examine the symbolic representation of the mother in Albert Camus' L'Étranger through a psychoanalytic lens. It seeks to explore how maternal symbolism shapes the protagonist Meursault’s experiences and reflects broader societal implications. The research also investigates the connections between maternal representation, human relationships, cultural narratives, and societal development. Additionally, the study discusses the relevance of maternal symbolism to themes aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), such as promoting gender equality and cultural awareness. Methods: The analysis employs a symbolic and interpretative methodology to explore the maternal imagery in Camus' work. Drawing on psychoanalytic theory, the study highlights the interplay between literature and psychology, focusing on how the deceased mother’s omnipresence influences Meursault’s perception of existence and life experiences. This approach provides an interdisciplinary framework that combines literary analysis with psychological insights. Results: The findings reveal that the maternal figure in L'Étranger has a profound and omnipresent impact on Meursault’s life and existential outlook. The maternal symbolism serves as a lens to understand deeper relationships between human connections, cultural narratives, and societal development. Moreover, the study highlights how maternal representation aligns with broader themes of gender equality and cultural awareness, reinforcing its relevance to the Sustainable Development Goals. Conclusion: This research underscores the significance of maternal symbolism in L'Étranger, demonstrating its role in shaping the protagonist’s psychological and existential experiences. By integrating psychoanalytic and literary analysis, the study provides a novel perspective on how maternal imagery contributes to deeper understandings of literature and society. Furthermore, it emphasizes the broader societal relevance of symbolic maternal representation, particularly in promoting gender equality, cultural awareness, and societal development.