THE INFLUENCE OF BACTERIAL FIREBLIGHT ATTACK (ERWINIA AMYLOVORA) IN APPLE ORCHARDS FROM DÂMBOVIȚA BASIN

Signalling the bacterial fireblight in the second decade of May, year 2024, in the apple orchards belonging to SCDP Voinești and at private producers, mobilized researchers to establish the degree of differentiated attack on the varieties, but also the measures required to stop the attack. The bacterial blight produced by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora attacked the aerial organs of the trees, the characteristic symptoms being more evident in sensitive apple varieties on the young fruits that have browned, shrivelled, remaining attached to the branches, but also on the vegetative shoots with infection and withering of the tip bent in the form of a crutch. The research carried out showed that the strongest attack was manifested in the varieties Jonathan, Idared and even in the variety Generos, with an initial attack with 3-4 inflorescences/tree in the varieties sensitive to diseases: Golden delicious, Goldspur, Mutsu, Red delicious and the resistance varieties: Florina, Redix, Inedit, Iris, Real, Dacian, Romus 3 which can develop later. Apple varieties were also identified, including the own creations of SCDP Voinești, in which no forms of attack were reported. In order to stop the rather aggressive outbreaks of the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, it was decided to remove the infected plant organs and carry out treatments with specific products, namely Aliette (Aluminium Phosetyl), with the recommendation that phytosanitary treatments in the following years be carried out preventively.