Photovoltaic Station based on ESP32 and Two-Axis Movement Mechanism Controlled by Solar Tracking Algorithm for Rural Areas

Rural areas suffer from an energy deficiency due to their difficult access and low economic conditions, which limits their development and quality of life. The conversion to renewable energies, such as photovoltaic solar energy, emerges as a viable alternative to meet this need, but it is necessary to consider the technical and economic challenges associated with its implementation to guarantee its long-term viability. Research background highlights the potential of solar-powered home PV stations as a clean alternative to fossil fuels in diverse climates such as Peru, where coastal regions can benefit from optimal charging infrastructure due to high projected solar radiation. The research shows an autonomous control system integrated into a photovoltaic station with solar tracking for which a validation prototype was developed. As a result, the prototype of the autonomous control system with solar tracking demonstrated its effectiveness in capturing energy and visual monitoring verified the dynamic adjustment to light conditions to optimize solar collection. The main conclusion is that the implementation and remote monitoring of a photovoltaic station with two-axis solar tracking demonstrated the viability of the technology in obtaining energy efficiently.